Painter, the Court ruled that a separate Black law school, established for Sweatt after he sued for admission to the University of Texas Law School, was unequal not only in physical facilities and curriculum but in reputation and opportunity for stimulating professional contact. Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma, in 1948, the Court ruled that Blacks must be admitted to state universities because they offered many opportunities not available in Black institutions. The first was that universities must admit Blacks to graduate facilities if a desired course of study was not available in a Black institution. The Brown decision came about after a series of Supreme Court decisions on specific educational challenges. Plessy defined the terms of the struggle. It fought for equal libraries, recreational facilities, and health services. It fought in many communities for equal pay for teachers and for equal school facilities. Jim Crow laws were passed throughout the South and they established separate facilities for Blacks and Whites in everything from schools to restrooms, drinking fountains to witness stands in courtrooms.įor many years, the Civil Rights movement during the first 50 years of the 20th Century accepted this policy of “ separate but equal” in its struggle for access into the society. In the Plessy decision, the 14th Amendment was interpreted in such a way that equality in the law could be met through segregated facilities. Ferguson decision that legalized the practices of “separate but equal”. The Brown decision was a landmark because it overturned the legal policies established by the Plessy v.
In the brief summary of events that follows, I have drawn primarily from Kluger’s study, Simple Justice.
Even in the footnotes of the decision, however, the Court raised questions as to how much authority it had and how to proceed toward getting compliance. For some, it signaled the start of the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s, while for others, it represented the fall of segregation.
The Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas has been credited with much significance.
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